What does a balance scale measure?

A balance scale measures the weight of objects by comparing them to a known standard. It operates on the principle of equilibrium, where weights are placed on opposite sides of a beam. When the scale is balanced, it indicates that the mass of the objects being measured is equal to the mass of the standard weight.

In a practical context, balance scales are commonly used in laboratories and industries to determine the weight of materials accurately. They can be more precise than other weighing methods, especially for smaller objects. This functionality makes them fundamental tools in various scientific, industrial, and everyday applications, reinforcing why understanding how they work is essential.

The other options do not pertain to the primary function of a balance scale, as it is not designed for measuring density, height, or volume. Each of these measurements requires different instruments specifically tailored for those purposes.