What does Newton's Second Law of motion state?

Newton's Second Law of motion states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration. This fundamental principle can be represented by the equation: Force = mass * acceleration.

In this relationship, mass represents the amount of matter in an object, while acceleration is the rate of change of the object’s velocity. Essentially, this law indicates how the velocity of an object changes when a force is applied; the greater the force applied to an object, the greater its acceleration, provided the mass remains constant. The direct proportionality illustrated by this equation helps to explain various physical phenomena, such as why heavier objects require more force to move than lighter ones, keeping in mind that the same force produces different accelerations based on the mass involved.

In contrast, the other provided options do not correctly represent the relationship defined by Newton's Second Law. Combining mass and acceleration with addition, subtraction, or division does not align with the law's established physics.